Summary: CD4 T cells are central effectors of anti-cancer immunity and immunotherapy, yet the regulation of CD4 tumor-specific T (TTS) cells is unclear.We demonstrate that CD4 TTS cells are quickly primed and begin to divide following tumor initiation.However, unlike CD8 TTS cells or exhaustion programming, CD4 TTS cell proliferation is rapidly fro
Protoceratops andrewsi is a well-known ceratopsian dinosaur from the Djadokhta Formation (Upper Cretaceous, Mongolia).Since the 1920s, numerous skeletons of different ontogenetic stages from hatchlings to adults, offworld drum pads including fully articulated specimens, have been discovered, but the postcranial anatomy of Protoceratops has not been
Flight-reproduction trade-offs, such that more mobile individuals sacrifice reproductive output (e.g., fecundity) or incur fitness costs, are well-studied in a handful of wing-dimorphic model systems.However, these trade-offs have not been systematically assessed across reproduction-related traits and taxa in wing monomorphic species despite having
A closed-form probabilistic model for inter-pixel crosstalk in planar cartoon martian with big head HgCdTe focal plane arrays is presented, providing simple expressions of crosstalk as function of device parameters like the pixel pitch, the absorber thickness, and the extension of the copyright depleted region.The method is effective in particular